Islamic Art of Mughal India



Artist: Designer, probably Ustad Ahmad; master architect, Abdul al-Karim; chief caligrapher, Amanat Khan; (one of many) artists, Makramat Khan.
Title:
Taj Mahal, Agra. Relief of a flower in the interior of the main building.
Material:
Marble
Site:
Agra, India
Current Location:
In situ
Period/Date:
built 1632 - 1643, Mughal Dynasty under Emperor Shah Jahan (r.1628-1658, d.1666).
Iconography/Iconology:
Stylistic Comments:
Seen through out the building, reliefs, such as this example of a raised flower in the interior of the main building, tell of both the extremely detailed planning and enormous expenses lavished on the structure's production. To carve this small flower in raised relief, meant that the entire surface of the stone had to be removed around the designer's layout, leaving enough matrix for only the flower and its stem. The flower then had to be carved by someone who was obvioulsly a master marble-carver and the rest of the surface flattened and polished. Because of the labor involved, this is litertally the most expensive and painstaking way of producing a design on the surface of the marble.